Radical Recontruction free essay sample

They also acknowledged the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments. Reconstruction also finally settled the states rights vs.. Federalism debate that had been an issue since the sass. The Radical Republicans tried to help the freedmen by controlling congress, and passing acts and amendments, such as amendments 13, 14, and 15. Which abolished slavery, gave citizenship, and allowed voting to all former slaves. There was also the civil right act of 1 865 which provides equality for all citizens of the United States. Therefore everyone is subject to the same punishments. These laws were made, but were not all followed. Though all of these laws were passed to protect the freedmen, the south found ways to go around them, creating the Black Codes and Vigilante groups. The Black Codes were designed to restrict freed blacks activity and ensure their availability as a labor force. It placed severe restrictions on the freedman s status as a free laborer, his right to own real estate, and his right to testify in court. We will write a custom essay sample on Radical Recontruction or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most freedmen ended up becoming sharecroppers, which was a form of slavery because they almost never had a chance to be free, because they were constantly in debt. They would get some land from the landowners, and pay them back by giving them a share of their crops, but because the prices of cotton and other crops decreased by a large amount, they would rarely make enough to pay back their debt, and live a substantial life. This was technically not a form of slavery, but it might as well have been, because they were trapped until they could pay off their debt, and that seldom happened.Not only was the working life difficult, but the social life was as well. Many vigilante groups such as the Klux Klux Klan were formed. They would attack mostly blacks, but also carpetbaggers and scalawags. They made it their agenda to prevent the blacks from voting, and would kill just to make that happen. The Enforcement Act of 1871 was eventually made to prevent this, but the racism and torture towards the freedmen did not end. In the end, freedmen had to fight for their civil rights on their own because the northern whites lost their interest in the Reconstruction by mid- 1 offs.Therefore, the Reconstruction ended with many goal unaccomplished. In conclusion, the Radical Reconstruction had a large impact on the lives of the freed slaves and the south. It brought the south back into the union, and many laws were made to protect the slaves. Though laws were made, not all were followed, and the south found ways to go around them by creating the Black Codes, vigilante groups, and sharecropping. All of which limited the rights of the freedmen. Therefore, the Radical Reconstruction was not as effective, because the failures outweigh the success.

Why was Germany treated harshly by the big Four after WWI essays

Why was Germany treated harshly by the big Four after WWI essays Germany was treated harshly to prevent it from ever being a threat to the Big Four. The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles was put forth by the Big Four mainly to exert revenge and to safeguard their territorial interests, for fear that Germany will become a determined aggressor once again to start another war. Firstly, Germany was the country that started the war on the big scale, bounded by its alliance with Austria, hence dragging the rest off Europe into a long war. Therefore, the Big Four put the blame of the casualties and devastation of the countries involved in the war on Germany. 1.4 million French soldiers were killed, 9hundred thousand British soldiers were killed and many more from the Allies. As a result, they saw it reasonable for Germany to be punished. Among the Big Four, it was the French prime minister who wanted the Germany to be treated as harshly as possible. Georges Clemenceau had revenge on mind as France incurred heavy casualties. The war had been fought mostly on French soil, which took a heavy toll on both the land and the economy. Hence, Clemenceau wanted Germany thoroughly weakened such that it would never again be a threat to France. This was extremely important to France as Germany lies on the border of France. By imposing huge reparation fee on Germany would make sure that Germany would not have extra funds for military weapons and soldiers. At the same time it will also ensure that the destruction that France incurred would be paid overtime. Hence, this explains the harsh reparation fee of 6.6 million pounds. Lloyd George, prime minister of Britain, did not want to see Germany punished too severely for he feared that a weakened Germany might be a serious threat. However, he had promised the British people in his election campaign that he would make Germany pay for starting the war. His main concern was in ensuring that the German navy would never emerge as a threat to the British navy since t...

The process of DNA fingerprinting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The process of DNA fingerprinting - Essay Example The sides that make up the DNA are twisted around each other in a spirally way. Each turn of the spiral staircase of the DNA is made up of ten rungs. DNA strand is composed of nucleotides that consist of phosphate, deoxyribose sugar and four nitrogen bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine). According to Hess and Orthmann (2012, p. 147), â€Å"the linking of the nitrogen bases results to nucleotide sequence which is distinct and different for every person, thereby determining a person’s individual characteristics.† Production of DNA fingerprint involves many diverse steps: the first step of DNA fingerprinting however begins by one obtaining a sample of DNA from materials such as blood, semen or saliva (Bevans 2014). Vaginal fluids, skin, or skeletal remains can also provide samples for DNA fingerprinting. In case of plant, hair roots are good samples. Through employing the current biochemical techniques, one can also multiply the number of DNA present by use of methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, some competent researchers have the potential to work with very small samples such as hair root. To access the DNA from the collected samples, some cells are isolated from the sample and then split open. After splitting the cells, the DNA is separated from the cellular debris. The isolated DNA is then treated endonuclease enzymes/ restriction enzymes (specialized enzymes that cut the sugar-phosphate bond of DNA) that cut the DNA at specific sites into small fragments (Reeve 2014). Due to variation of minisatellites composition of different individuals, the DNAs are cleaved at different points resulting to fragments of varying lengths. The different lengths of the DNA fragments are referred to as restriction length polymorphisms (RFLPs). The different sized of the fragments are easily observed by aid of an experiment called Gel Electrophoresis. After cleavage stage, the DNA portions are then introduced to one end of agarose gel (thin